National Instruments IMAQ Vision for LabWindows TM /CVI Instrukcja Użytkownika Strona 1
Przeglądaj online lub pobierz Instrukcja Użytkownika dla Oprogramowanie National Instruments IMAQ Vision for LabWindows TM /CVI. National Instruments IMAQ Vision for LabWindows TM /CVI User's Manual Instrukcja obsługi
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- IMAQ Vision 1
- User Manual 1
- Important Information 3
- Contents 4
- Chapter 6 6
- Calibrating Images 6
- Appendix A 7
- About This Manual 8
- Related Documentation 9
- Other Documentation 10
- Introduction to IMAQ Vision 11
- IMAQ Vision Function Tree 12
- NIMachineVision.fp) 13
- Getting Measurement-Ready 17
- Calibrate Your Imaging System 18
- Create an Image 18
- Source and Destination Images 20
- Acquire or Read an Image 21
- Acquiring an Image 22
- Reading a File 22
- Display an Image 23
- Analyze an Image 24
- Improve an Image 25
- Lookup Tables 26
- Convolution Filter 27
- Nth Order Filter 27
- Grayscale Morphology 27
- Complex Image Operations 29
- Making Grayscale and Color 30
- Measurements 30
- Figure 3-2. ROI Constructor 33
- Tools Palette Transformation 34
- Defining Regions with Masks 35
- Measure Grayscale Statistics 36
- Measure Color Statistics 36
- 8-bit image 37
- Comparing Colors 38
- Learning Color Information 38
- Using the Entire Image 39
- Using a Region in the Image 39
- Ignoring Learned Colors 42
- Performing Particle Analysis 43
- Improve the Binary Image 44
- Removing Unwanted Particles 45
- Separating Touching Particles 45
- Improving Particle Shapes 45
- Make Particle Measurements 46
- Performing Machine Vision 53
- Locate Objects to Inspect 54
- IMAQ_FIND_REFERENCE 57
- IMAQ_UPDATE_TRANSFORM 57
- Set Search Areas 60
- Find Measurement Points 61
- Finding Lines or Circles 62
- Symmetry 66
- Feature Detail 66
- Positional Information 67
- Background Information 67
- Defining a Search Area 68
- Match Mode 69
- Minimum Contrast 70
- Rotation Angle Ranges 70
- Color Information 72
- Color Sensitivity 75
- Search Strategy 75
- Color Score Weight 76
- Make Measurements 78
- Classifying Samples 80
- Reading Characters 81
- Reading Barcodes 82
- Reading 1D Barcodes 82
- Reading Data Matrix Barcodes 82
- Display Results 83
- Chapter 6 Calibrating Images 87
- CoordinateSystem 88
- Specifying Scaling Factors 91
- Choosing a Region of Interest 91
- Choosing a Learning Algorithm 91
- Using the Learning Score 92
- Learning the Error Map 93
- Learning the Correction Table 93
- Setting the Scaling Method 93
- Calibration Invalidation 93
- Simple Calibration 94
- Save Calibration Information 95
- Technical Support and 96
- Professional Services 96
- Glossary 100
- Numerics 114
Podsumowanie treści
IMAQ TMIMAQ Vision for LabWindowsTM/CVITM User ManualIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualAugust 2004 EditionPart Number 371266A-01
About This Manual© National Instruments Corporation xi IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualOther Documentation• Your National Instruments image
GlossaryIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual G-4 ni.comconnectivity-4 Only pixels adjacent in the horizontal and vertical directions are conside
Glossary© National Instruments Corporation G-5 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manualedge steepness The number of pixels that corresponds to the s
GlossaryIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual G-6 ni.comgradient filter An edge detection algorithm that extracts the contours in gray-level valu
Glossary© National Instruments Corporation G-7 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manualhit-miss function Locates objects in the image similar to the
GlossaryIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual G-8 ni.comimage enhancement The process of improving the quality of an image that you acquire from
Glossary© National Instruments Corporation G-9 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manualintensity calibration Assigns user-defined quantities such as
GlossaryIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual G-10 ni.comline gauge Measures the distance between selected edges with high-precision subpixel acc
Glossary© National Instruments Corporation G-11 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manualluminance See luma.LUT Lookup table. A table containing valu
GlossaryIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual G-12 ni.comNneighbor A pixel whose value affects the value of a nearby pixel when an image is proce
Glossary© National Instruments Corporation G-13 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manualoffset The coordinate position in an image where you want to
© National Instruments Corporation 1-1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual1Introduction to IMAQ VisionThis chapter describes the IMAQ Vision fo
GlossaryIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual G-14 ni.comPNG Portable Network Graphic. An image file format for storing 8-bit, 16-bit, and color
Glossary© National Instruments Corporation G-15 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualROI Region of interest. (1) An area of the image that is gra
GlossaryIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual G-16 ni.comspatial filters Alter the intensity of a pixel relative to variations in intensities of
Glossary© National Instruments Corporation G-17 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualVvalue The grayscale intensity of a color pixel computed as
© National Instruments Corporation I-1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualIndexNumerics1D barcodes, reading, 5-302D arrays, converting to image
IndexIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual I-2 ni.comcolor informationlearning, 3-9specifying, 3-9color location, using to find points, 5-25color
Index© National Instruments Corporation I-3 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manualerror maps, learning, 6-8examples (NI resources), A-1external wi
IndexIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual I-4 ni.comimproving binary images, 4-2improving sharpness of transitions, 2-10inspecting, 2-8learning
Index© National Instruments Corporation I-5 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualNNational Instruments support and services, A-1NI Vision Assista
IndexIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual I-6 ni.comsearch algorithm, testing, 5-18, 5-25search areas, 5-10defining, 5-16, 5-22ROIs, defining se
Chapter 1 Introduction to IMAQ VisionIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 1-2 ni.comIMAQ Vision Function TreeThe IMAQ Vision function tree (NIVi
Chapter 1 Introduction to IMAQ Vision© National Instruments Corporation 1-3 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualIMAQ Machine Vision Function Tre
Chapter 1 Introduction to IMAQ VisionIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 1-4 ni.comCreating IMAQ Vision ApplicationsFigures 1-1 and 1-2 illustr
Chapter 1 Introduction to IMAQ Vision© National Instruments Corporation 1-5 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualFigure 1-1. General Steps for D
Chapter 1 Introduction to IMAQ VisionIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 1-6 ni.com Figure 1-2. Inspection Steps for Building a Vision Applica
© National Instruments Corporation 2-1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual2Getting Measurement-Ready ImagesThis chapter describes how to set up
Chapter 2 Getting Measurement-Ready ImagesIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 2-2 ni.com3. Select an IMAQ device that meets your needs. Nationa
Chapter 2 Getting Measurement-Ready Images© National Instruments Corporation 2-3 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualYou can create multiple ima
SupportWorldwide Technical Support and Product Informationni.comNational Instruments Corporate Headquarters11500 North Mopac Expressway Austin, Texas
Chapter 2 Getting Measurement-Ready ImagesIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 2-4 ni.comSource and Destination ImagesSome IMAQ Vision functions
Chapter 2 Getting Measurement-Ready Images© National Instruments Corporation 2-5 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual• imaqAdd(myImageA, myImage
Chapter 2 Getting Measurement-Ready ImagesIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 2-6 ni.comAcquiring an ImageUse one of the following methods to a
Chapter 2 Getting Measurement-Ready Images© National Instruments Corporation 2-7 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualUse imaqReadVisionFile() to
Chapter 2 Getting Measurement-Ready ImagesIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 2-8 ni.comAttach Calibration InformationIf you want to attach the
Chapter 2 Getting Measurement-Ready Images© National Instruments Corporation 2-9 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualIf the image quality meets
Chapter 2 Getting Measurement-Ready ImagesIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 2-10 ni.comLookup TablesApply lookup table (LUT) transformations
Chapter 2 Getting Measurement-Ready Images© National Instruments Corporation 2-11 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualConvolution FilterThe imaq
Chapter 2 Getting Measurement-Ready ImagesIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 2-12 ni.com• Closing—Removes dark pixels isolated in bright regio
Chapter 2 Getting Measurement-Ready Images© National Instruments Corporation 2-13 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manualattenuation increases. Thi
Important InformationWarrantyThe media on which you receive National Instruments software are warranted not to fail to execute programming instructio
© National Instruments Corporation 3-1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual3Making Grayscale and Color MeasurementsThis chapter describes how to
Chapter 3 Making Grayscale and Color MeasurementsIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 3-2 ni.comTable 3-1 describes each of the tools and the ma
Chapter 3 Making Grayscale and Color Measurements© National Instruments Corporation 3-3 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualHold down the <Sh
Chapter 3 Making Grayscale and Color MeasurementsIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 3-4 ni.comYou can display the IMAQ Vision tools palette as
Chapter 3 Making Grayscale and Color Measurements© National Instruments Corporation 3-5 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual3. Click OK to popul
Chapter 3 Making Grayscale and Color MeasurementsIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 3-6 ni.comThe following list describes how you can display
Chapter 3 Making Grayscale and Color Measurements© National Instruments Corporation 3-7 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manualor a labeled version
Chapter 3 Making Grayscale and Color MeasurementsIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 3-8 ni.comFigure 3-4. Primary Components of a 32-Bit Colo
Chapter 3 Making Grayscale and Color Measurements© National Instruments Corporation 3-9 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualComparing ColorsYou
Chapter 3 Making Grayscale and Color MeasurementsIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 3-10 ni.comFigure 3-6. Template Color InformationThe foll
© National Instruments Corporation v IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualContentsAbout This ManualConventions ...
Chapter 3 Making Grayscale and Color Measurements© National Instruments Corporation 3-11 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual Figure 3-8. Using
Chapter 3 Making Grayscale and Color MeasurementsIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 3-12 ni.comFigure 3-9. Using Multiple Regions to Learn Co
Chapter 3 Making Grayscale and Color Measurements© National Instruments Corporation 3-13 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualIgnoring Learned Co
© National Instruments Corporation 4-1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual4Performing Particle AnalysisThis chapter describes how to perform pa
Chapter 4 Performing Particle AnalysisIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 4-2 ni.comIf all the objects in your grayscale image are either brigh
Chapter 4 Performing Particle Analysis© National Instruments Corporation 4-3 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualRemoving Unwanted ParticlesUse
Chapter 4 Performing Particle AnalysisIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 4-4 ni.comisthmuses while close widens the isthmuses. Close and prope
Chapter 4 Performing Particle Analysis© National Instruments Corporation 4-5 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualIMAQ_MT_BOUNDING_RECT_LEFTX-coo
Chapter 4 Performing Particle AnalysisIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 4-6 ni.comIMAQ_MT_EQUIVALENT_ELLIPSE_MAJOR_AXISLength of the major ax
Chapter 4 Performing Particle Analysis© National Instruments Corporation 4-7 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualIMAQ_MT_HU_MOMENT_5Fifth Hu mom
ContentsIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual vi ni.comChapter 3Making Grayscale and Color MeasurementsDefine Regions of Interest...
Chapter 4 Performing Particle AnalysisIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 4-8 ni.comIMAQ_MT_MAX_FERET_DIAMETER_START_YY-coordinate of the start
Chapter 4 Performing Particle Analysis© National Instruments Corporation 4-9 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualIMAQ_MT_NORM_MOMENT_OF_INERTIA_
Chapter 4 Performing Particle AnalysisIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 4-10 ni.comIMAQ_MT_SUM_XXSum of all x-coordinates squared in the part
© National Instruments Corporation 5-1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual5Performing Machine Vision TasksThis chapter describes how to perform
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-2 ni.comFigure 5-1 illustrates the basic steps involved in perfo
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-3 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manualit appears shifted and rotat
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-4 ni.comUsing Edge Detection to Build a Coordinate TransformYou
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-5 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manualb. If you use imaqFindTransf
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-6 ni.comUsing Pattern Matching to Build a Coordinate TransformYo
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-7 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualChoosing a Method to Build t
Contents© National Instruments Corporation vii IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualDefining a Search Area ...
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-8 ni.comSet Search AreasYou use ROIs to define search areas in y
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-9 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualDefining Regions Programmati
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-10 ni.comFinding Lines or CirclesIf you want to find points alon
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-11 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualIf you want to find points
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-12 ni.comThese functions require you to input the coordinates of
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-13 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualFinding Points Using Patter
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-14 ni.comSymmetryA rotationally symmetric template, shown in Fig
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-15 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualPositional InformationA tem
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-16 ni.comthe template that are necessary for shift-invariant mat
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-17 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualFigure 5-11. Selecting a S
ContentsIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual viii ni.comAppendix ATechnical Support and Professional ServicesGlossaryIndex
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-18 ni.comMinimum ContrastThe pattern matching algorithm ignores
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-19 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualUsing a Ranking Method to V
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-20 ni.com5. Set the tolerances and parameters to specify how the
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-21 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualBackground InformationUniqu
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-22 ni.comDefining a Search AreaTwo equally important factors def
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-23 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualThe time required to locate
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-24 ni.comChoose from the following search strategies:•IMAQ_CONSE
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-25 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualRotation Angle RangesRefer
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-26 ni.com6. Test the color location algorithm on test images usi
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-27 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualAnalytic Geometry Measureme
© National Instruments Corporation ix IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualAbout This ManualThe IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual is int
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-28 ni.comUse imaqFindLCDSegments() to calculate the ROI around e
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-29 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualThe following code sample p
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-30 ni.comReading BarcodesUse barcode reading functions to read v
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-31 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualBy default, imaqReadDataMat
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision TasksIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 5-32 ni.comUse the following functions to overlay search regions,
Chapter 5 Performing Machine Vision Tasks© National Instruments Corporation 5-33 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualThe following list contains
© National Instruments Corporation 6-1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual6Calibrating ImagesThis chapter describes how to calibrate your imagi
Chapter 6 Calibrating ImagesIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 6-2 ni.comRefer to Chapter 5, Performing Machine Vision Tasks, for more informa
Chapter 6 Calibrating Images© National Instruments Corporation 6-3 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualDefining a Reference Coordinate SystemTo
Chapter 6 Calibrating ImagesIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 6-4 ni.comFigure 6-3. A Calibration Grid and an Image of the GridNoteIf you sp
About This ManualIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual x ni.comRelated DocumentationIn addition to this manual, the following documentation resou
Chapter 6 Calibrating Images© National Instruments Corporation 6-5 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualFigure 6-4. Defining a Coordinate System
Chapter 6 Calibrating ImagesIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 6-6 ni.comSpecifying Scaling FactorsScaling factors are the real-world distance
Chapter 6 Calibrating Images© National Instruments Corporation 6-7 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualChoose the perspective projection algorit
Chapter 6 Calibrating ImagesIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 6-8 ni.comIf the learning process returns a learning score below 600, try the f
Chapter 6 Calibrating Images© National Instruments Corporation 6-9 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualSimple CalibrationWhen the axis of your c
Chapter 6 Calibrating ImagesIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual 6-10 ni.comSave Calibration InformationAfter you learn the calibration informat
© National Instruments Corporation A-1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualATechnical Support and Professional ServicesVisit the following secti
© National Instruments Corporation G-1 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualGlossaryNumbers1D One-dimensional.2D Two-dimensional.3D Three-dimensi
GlossaryIMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User Manual G-2 ni.combarycenter The grayscale value representing the centroid of the range of an image’s grays
Glossary© National Instruments Corporation G-3 IMAQ Vision for LabWindows/CVI User ManualCcaliper (1) A function in the NI Vision Assistant and in NI
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